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<center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>
IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition<br>
Copyright &copy; 2001-2004 The IEEE and The Open Group</font></center>

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<h2>Rationale: Detailed ToC</h2>

<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01">Rationale for Base Definitions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01">Introduction</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_01">Scope</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_01_01">Scope of IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_01_02">POSIX.1 and the ISO C Standard</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_01_03">FIPS Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_02">Conformance</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_03">Normative References</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_04">Terminology</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_05">conformance document</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_06">implementation-defined</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_07">may</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_08">shall</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_09">should</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_10">obsolescent</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_11">legacy</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_12">system documentation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_13">undefined</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_14">unspecified</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_15">macro</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_16">symbolic name</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_17">symbolic constant</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_18">Portability</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_18_01">Codes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap01.html#tag_01_01_18_02">Margin Code Notation</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02">Conformance</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01">Implementation Conformance</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01_01">Requirements</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01_02">Documentation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01_03">POSIX Conformance</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01_04">XSI Conformance</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01_05">Option Groups</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01_06">Subprofiling Considerations</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_01_07">Options</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_02">Application Conformance</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_02_01">Strictly Conforming POSIX Application</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_02_02">Conforming POSIX Application</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_02_03">Conforming POSIX Application Using Extensions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_02_04">Strictly Conforming XSI Application</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_02_05">Conforming XSI Application Using Extensions</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_03">Language-Dependent Services for the C Programming
Language</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap02.html#tag_01_02_04">Other Language-Related Specifications</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03">Definitions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_01">Appropriate Privileges</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_02">Byte</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_03">Character</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_04">Child Process</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_05">Clock Tick</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_06">Command</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_07">Column Positions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_08">Controlling Terminal</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_09">Device Number*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_10">Direct I/O</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_11">Directory</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_12">Directory Entry</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_13">Display</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_14">Dot</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_15">Dot-Dot</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_16">Epoch</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_17">FIFO Special File</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_18">File</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_19">File Classes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_20">Filename</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_21">File System</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_22">Graphic Character</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_23">Group Database</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_24">Group File*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_25">Historical Implementations*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_26">Hosted Implementation*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_27">Implementation*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_28">Incomplete Pathname*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_29">Job Control</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_30">Kernel*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_31">Library Routine*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_32">Logical Device*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_33">Map</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_34">Memory-Resident</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_35">Memory Object*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_36">Mount Point*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_37">Mounted File System*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_38">Name</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_39">Native Implementation*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_40">Nice Value</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_41">Open File Description</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_42">Orphaned Process Group</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_43">Page</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_44">Passwd File*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_45">Parent Directory</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_46">Pipe</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_47">Portable Filename Character Set</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_48">Process Lifetime</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_49">Process Termination</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_50">Regular File</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_51">Root Directory</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_52">Root File System*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_53">Root of a File System*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_54">Signal</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_55">Superuser*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_56">Supplementary Group ID</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_57">Symbolic Link</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_58">Synchronously-Generated Signal</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_59">System Call*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_60">System Console</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_61">System Databases</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_62">System Process</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_63">System Reboot</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_64">Synchronized I/O Data (and File) Integrity
Completion</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_65">Text File</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_66">Thread</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_67">Thread ID</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_68">Thread-Safe Function</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_69">User Database</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_70">Virtual Processor*</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap03.html#tag_01_03_00_71">XSI</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04">General Concepts</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_01">Concurrent Execution</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_02">Directory Protection</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_03">Extended Security Controls</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_04">File Access Permissions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_05">File Hierarchy</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_06">Filenames</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_07">File Times Update</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_08">Host and Network Byte Order</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_09">Measurement of Execution Time</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_10">Memory Synchronization</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_11">Pathname Resolution</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_12">Process ID Reuse</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_13">Scheduling Policy</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_14">Seconds Since the Epoch</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_15">Semaphore</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_16">Thread-Safety</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_17">Tracing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_18">Treatment of Error Conditions for Mathematical
Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_19">Treatment of NaN Arguments for Mathematical
Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_20">Utility</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap04.html#tag_01_04_21">Variable Assignment</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap05.html#tag_01_05">File Format Notation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap06.html#tag_01_06">Character Set</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap06.html#tag_01_06_01">Portable Character Set</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap06.html#tag_01_06_02">Character Encoding</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap06.html#tag_01_06_03">C Language Wide-Character Codes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap06.html#tag_01_06_04">Character Set Description File</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap06.html#tag_01_06_04_01">State-Dependent Character Encodings</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07">Locale</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_01">General</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_02">POSIX Locale</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_03">Locale Definition</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_03_01">LC_CTYPE</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_03_02">LC_COLLATE</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_03_03">LC_MONETARY</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_03_04">LC_NUMERIC</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_03_05">LC_TIME</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_03_06">LC_MESSAGES</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_04">Locale Definition Grammar</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_04_01">Locale Lexical Conventions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_04_02">Locale Grammar</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap07.html#tag_01_07_05">Locale Definition Example</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08">Environment Variables</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_01">Environment Variable Definition</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_02">Internationalization Variables</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_03">Other Environment Variables</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_03_01">COLUMNS, LINES</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_03_02">LOGNAME</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_03_03">PATH</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_03_04">SHELL</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap08.html#tag_01_08_03_05">TZ</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09">Regular Expressions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_01">Regular Expression Definitions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_02">Regular Expression General Requirements</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03">Basic Regular Expressions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_01">BREs Matching a Single Character or Collating
Element</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_02">BRE Ordinary Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_03">BRE Special Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_04">Periods in BREs</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_05">RE Bracket Expression</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_06">BREs Matching Multiple Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_07">BRE Precedence</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_03_08">BRE Expression Anchoring</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04">Extended Regular Expressions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_01">EREs Matching a Single Character or Collating
Element</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_02">ERE Ordinary Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_03">ERE Special Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_04">Periods in EREs</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_05">ERE Bracket Expression</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_06">EREs Matching Multiple Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_07">ERE Alternation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_08">ERE Precedence</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_04_09">ERE Expression Anchoring</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_05">Regular Expression Grammar</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_05_01">BRE/ERE Grammar Lexical Conventions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_05_02">RE and Bracket Expression Grammar</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap09.html#tag_01_09_05_03">ERE Grammar</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap10.html#tag_01_10">Directory Structure and Devices</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap10.html#tag_01_10_01">Directory Structure and Files</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap10.html#tag_01_10_02">Output Devices and Terminal Types</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11">General Terminal Interface</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01">Interface Characteristics</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_01">Opening a Terminal Device File</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_02">Process Groups</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_03">The Controlling Terminal</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_04">Terminal Access Control</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_05">Input Processing and Reading Data</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_06">Canonical Mode Input Processing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_07">Non-Canonical Mode Input Processing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_08">Writing Data and Output Processing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_09">Special Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_10">Modem Disconnect</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_01_11">Closing a Terminal Device File</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_02">Parameters that Can be Set</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_02_01">The termios Structure</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_02_02">Input Modes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_02_03">Output Modes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_02_04">Control Modes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_02_05">Local Modes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap11.html#tag_01_11_02_06">Special Control Characters</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap12.html#tag_01_12">Utility Conventions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap12.html#tag_01_12_01">Utility Argument Syntax</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap12.html#tag_01_12_02">Utility Syntax Guidelines</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap13.html#tag_01_13">Headers</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xbd_chap13.html#tag_01_13_01">Format of Entries</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02">Rationale for Shell and Utilities</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01">Introduction</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_01">Scope</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_02">Conformance</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_03">Normative References</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_04">Change History</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_04_01">Changes from Issue 5 to Issue 6
(IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001)</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_04_02">New Features in Issue 6</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_05">Terminology</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_06">Definitions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_07">Relationship to Other Documents</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_07_01">System Interfaces</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_07_02">File Read, Write, and Creation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_07_03">File Removal</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_07_04">Concepts Derived from the ISO C Standard</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_08">Portability</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_08_01">Codes</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_09">Utility Limits</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_10">Grammar Conventions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11">Utility Description Defaults</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_01">NAME</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_02">SYNOPSIS</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_03">DESCRIPTION</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_04">OPTIONS</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_05">OPERANDS</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_06">STDIN</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_07">INPUT FILES</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_08">ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_09">ASYNCHRONOUS EVENTS</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_10">STDOUT</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_11">STDERR</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_12">OUTPUT FILES</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_13">EXTENDED DESCRIPTION</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_14">EXIT STATUS</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_15">CONSEQUENCES OF ERRORS</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_16">APPLICATION USAGE</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_17">EXAMPLES</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_18">RATIONALE</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_19">FUTURE DIRECTIONS</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_20">SEE ALSO</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_11_21">CHANGE HISTORY</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_12">Considerations for Utilities in Support of Files of Arbitrary
Size</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap01.html#tag_02_01_13">Built-In Utilities</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02">Shell Command Language</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_01">Shell Introduction</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_02">Quoting</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_02_01">Escape Character (Backslash)</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_02_02">Single-Quotes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_02_03">Double-Quotes</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_03">Token Recognition</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_03_01">Alias Substitution</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_04">Reserved Words</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_05">Parameters and Variables</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_05_01">Positional Parameters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_05_02">Special Parameters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_05_03">Shell Variables</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06">Word Expansions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06_01">Tilde Expansion</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06_02">Parameter Expansion</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06_03">Command Substitution</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06_04">Arithmetic Expansion</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06_05">Field Splitting</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06_06">Pathname Expansion</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_06_07">Quote Removal</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07">Redirection</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07_01">Redirecting Input</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07_02">Redirecting Output</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07_03">Appending Redirected Output</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07_04">Here-Document</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07_05">Duplicating an Input File Descriptor</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07_06">Duplicating an Output File Descriptor</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_07_07">Open File Descriptors for Reading and Writing</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_08">Exit Status and Errors</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_08_01">Consequences of Shell Errors</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_08_02">Exit Status for Commands</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09">Shell Commands</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_01">Simple Commands</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_02">Command Search and Execution</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_03">Examples</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_04">Pipelines</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_05">Lists</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_06">Asynchronous Lists</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_07">Sequential Lists</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_08">AND Lists</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_09">OR Lists</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_10">Compound Commands</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_11">Grouping Commands</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_12">For Loop</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_13">Case Conditional Construct</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_14">If Conditional Construct</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_15">While Loop</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_16">Until Loop</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_09_17">Function Definition Command</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_10">Shell Grammar</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_10_01">Shell Grammar Lexical Conventions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_10_02">Shell Grammar Rules</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_11">Signals and Error Handling</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_12">Shell Execution Environment</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_13">Pattern Matching Notation</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_13_01">Patterns Matching a Single Character</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_13_02">Patterns Matching Multiple Characters</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_13_03">Examples</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_13_04">Patterns Used for Filename Expansion</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap02.html#tag_02_02_14">Special Built-In Utilities</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03">Batch Environment Services and Utilities</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_00_01">Scope of the Batch Environment Services and Utilities
Option</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_00_02">History of Batch Systems</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_00_03">Historical Implementations of Batch Systems</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_00_04">NQS Differences from the at utility</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_00_05">Batch Environment Services and Utilities Option
Definitions</a></small></li>
</ul>

<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_01">Batch General Concepts</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_02">Batch Services</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap03.html#tag_02_03_03">Common Behavior for Batch Environment Utilities</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap04.html#tag_02_04">Utilities</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xcu_chap04.html#tag_02_04_00_01">Exclusion of Utilities</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03">Rationale for System Interfaces</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01">Introduction</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_01">Scope</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_02">Conformance</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_03">Normative References</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_04">Change History</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_04_01">Changes from Issue 5 to Issue 6
(IEEE&nbsp;Std&nbsp;1003.1-2001)</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_04_02">New Features in Issue 6</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_05">Terminology</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_06">Definitions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_07">Relationship to Other Formal Standards</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_08">Portability</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_08_01">Codes</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap01.html#tag_03_01_09">Format of Entries</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02">General Information</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_01">Use and Implementation of Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_02">The Compilation Environment</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_02_01">POSIX.1 Symbols</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_02_02">The _POSIX_C_SOURCE Feature Test Macro</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_02_03">The _XOPEN_SOURCE Feature Test Macro</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_02_04">The Name Space</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_03">Error Numbers</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_03_01">Alternative Solutions for Per-Thread errno</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_03_02">Disallowing Return of the [EINTR] Error Code</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_03_03">Additional Error Numbers</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_04">Signal Concepts</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_04_01">Signal Names</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_04_02">Signal Generation and Delivery</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_04_03">Realtime Signal Generation and Delivery</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_04_04">Signal Actions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_04_05">Signal Effects on Other Functions</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_05">Standard I/O Streams</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_05_01">Interaction of File Descriptors and Standard I/O
Streams</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_05_02">Stream Orientation and Encoding Rules</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_06">STREAMS</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_06_01">Accessing STREAMS</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_07">XSI Interprocess Communication</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_07_01">IPC General Information</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08">Realtime</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_01">Advisory Information</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_02">Message Passing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_03">Semaphores</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_04">Realtime Signals</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_05">Realtime Signals Extension</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_06">Asynchronous I/O</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_07">Overview</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_08">Models</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_09">Requirements</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_10">Standardization Issues</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_11">Memory Management</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_12">Memory Locking Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_13">Mapped Files Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_14">Shared Memory Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_15">Typed Memory Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_16">Process Scheduling</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_17">Sporadic Server Scheduling Policy</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_18">Clocks and Timers</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_19">Rationale for the Monotonic Clock</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_20">Execution Time Monitoring</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_08_21">Rationale Relating to Timeouts</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09">Threads</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_01">Thread Creation Attributes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_02">Thread Implementation Models</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_03">Thread-Specific Data</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_04">Barriers</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_05">Spin Locks</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_06">XSI Supported Functions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_07">XSI Threads Extensions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_08">Thread-Safety</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_09">Thread IDs</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_10">Thread Mutexes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_11">Thread Scheduling</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_12">Scheduling Contention Scope</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_13">Scheduling Allocation Domain</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_14">Scheduling Documentation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_15">Scheduling Contention Scope Attribute</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_16">Mixed Scopes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_17">Dynamic Thread Scheduling Parameters Access</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_18">Mutex Initialization Scheduling Attributes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_19">Change the Priority Ceiling of a Mutex</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_20">Thread Cancellation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_21">Specifying the Operation to Cancel</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_22">A Special Signal Versus a Special Interface</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_23">Races Between Cancellation and Resuming Execution</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_24">Interaction of Cancellation with Asynchronous
Signals</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_25">Thread Cancellation Overview</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_26">Thread Read-Write Locks</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_27">Background</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_28">Queuing of Waiting Threads</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_29">Comparison to fcntl() Locks</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_30">History of Resolution Issues</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_31">Thread Interactions with Regular File Operations</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_09_32">Use of Application-Managed Thread Stacks</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10">Sockets</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_01">Address Families</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_02">Addressing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_03">Protocols</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_04">Routing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_05">Interfaces</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_06">Socket Types</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_07">Socket I/O Mode</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_08">Socket Owner</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_09">Socket Queue Limits</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_10">Pending Error</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_11">Socket Receive Queue</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_12">Socket Out-of-Band Data State</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_13">Connection Indication Queue</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_14">Signals</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_15">Asynchronous Errors</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_16">Use of Options</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_17">Use of Sockets for Local UNIX Connections</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_18">Use of Sockets over Internet Protocols</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_19">Use of Sockets over Internet Protocols Based on
IPv4</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_10_20">Use of Sockets over Internet Protocols Based on
IPv6</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11">Tracing</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_01">Objectives</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_02">Detailed Objectives</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_03">Comments on Objectives</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_04">Trace Model</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_05">Introduction</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_06">Trace Model Description</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_07">States of a Trace Stream</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_08">Tracing All Processes</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_09">Trace Storage</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_10">Trace Programming Examples</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_11">Trace Operation Control</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_12">First Example</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_13">Second Example</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_14">Application Instrumentation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_15">Trace Analyzer</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_16">First Example</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_17">Second Example</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_18">Several Programming Manipulations</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_19">Trace Stream Attribute Manipulation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_20">Create a Trace Event Type Set and Change the Trace Event Type
Filter</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_21">Retrieve Information from a Trace Log</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_22">Retrieve the List of Trace Event Types Used in a Trace
Log</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_23">Rationale on Trace for Debugging</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_24">Rationale on Trace Event Type Name Space</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_25">Rationale on Trace Events Type Filtering</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_26">Filtering of Trace Event Types Before Tracing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_27">Filtering of Trace Event Types at Runtime</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_28">Post-Mortem Filtering of Trace Event Types</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_29">Discussions about Trace Event Type-Filtering</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_30">Tracing, pthread API</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_31">Example</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_32">Rationale on Triggering</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_33">Rationale on Timestamp Clock</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_34">Rationale on Different Overrun Conditions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_35">Overrun in Trace Streams Initialized with POSIX_TRACE_LOOP
Policy</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_36">Overrun in Dumping Trace Streams into Trace Logs</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_11_37">Reading an Active Trace Stream</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_12">Data Types</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap02.html#tag_03_02_13">Footnotes</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap03.html#tag_03_03">System Interfaces</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap03.html#tag_03_03_01">Examples for Spawn</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap03.html#tag_03_03_01_01">Example Library Implementation of Spawn</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap03.html#tag_03_03_01_02">I/O Redirection with Spawn</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="xsh_chap03.html#tag_03_03_01_03">Spawning a Process Under a New User ID</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04">Portability Considerations (Informative)</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01">User Requirements</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_01">Configuration Interrogation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_02">Process Management</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_03">Access to Data</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_04">Access to the Environment</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_05">Access to Determinism and Performance Enhancements</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_06">Operating System-Dependent Profile</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_07">I/O Interaction</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_08">Internationalization Interaction</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_09">C-Language Extensions</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_10">Command Language</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_11">Interactive Facilities</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_12">Accomplish Multiple Tasks Simultaneously</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_13">Complex Data Manipulation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_14">File Hierarchy Manipulation</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_15">Locale Configuration</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_16">Inter-User Communication</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_17">System Environment</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_18">Printing</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_01_19">Software Development</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02">Portability Capabilities</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_01">Configuration Interrogation</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_01_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_02">Process Management</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_03">Access to Data</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_04">Access to the Environment</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_04_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_05">Bounded (Realtime) Response</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_06">Operating System-Dependent Profile</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_06_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_07">I/O Interaction</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_07_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_08">Internationalization Interaction</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_08_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_09">C-Language Extensions</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_09_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_10">Command Language</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_10_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_11">Interactive Facilities</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_11_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_12">Accomplish Multiple Tasks Simultaneously</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_12_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_13">Complex Data Manipulation</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_13_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_14">File Hierarchy Manipulation</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_14_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_15">Locale Configuration</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_15_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_16">Inter-User Communication</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_16_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_17">System Environment</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_17_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_18">Printing</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_18_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_19">Software Development</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_19_01">Unsatisfied Requirements</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_02_20">Future Growth</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03">Profiling Considerations</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03_01">Configuration Options</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03_02">Configuration Options (Shell and Utilities)</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03_03">Configurable Limits</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03_04">Configuration Options (System Interfaces)</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03_05">Configurable Limits</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03_06">Optional Behavior</a></small></li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="port.html#tag_04_03_07">Footnotes</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>

<li type="disc"><small><a href="subprofiles.html#tag_05">Subprofiling Considerations (Informative)</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="subprofiles.html#tag_05_01">Subprofiling Option Groups</a></small>
<ul>
<li type="disc"><small><a href="subprofiles.html#tag_05_01_01">Footnotes</a></small></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>


</ul>
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